What is Asthma ?

Asthma is a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing. It usually results from an allergic reaction or other form of hypersensitivity. A chronic lung disease, the airways narrow and start to swell (inflammation) causing difficulty in breathing. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath.

Asthma affects people in varying degrees. For some, the symptoms are minor; for others, they may be life-threatening. Asthma is a problem when it is out of control and interferes with daily activities.

Asthma cannot be cured but it can be controlled. Patients with asthma can have their symptoms controlled with medication. In some patients, the symptoms change over time – it is important that your signs and symptoms are monitored closely, so that your doctor can adjust the dosage of your medication if necessary. Review NAEP’s What is Asthma leaflet and the Control your Asthma leaflet.

Fast Facts

Asthma is a long-term condition of the lungs, and often starts during early childhood.Asthma causes the airways to become inflamed and to narrow. It is not known exactly what triggers it, and there is no known cure;
Most people with asthma can manage their disease. With proper treatment, patients will have fewer symptoms and are able to live normal, active lives;
The symptoms of asthma include chest tightness, wheezing, shortness of breath and coughing at night or in the early morning. It is important to note that the symptoms may be mild and can go away after a while, without any intervention. Sometimes however, these symptoms can become more intense and more severe, and may lead to an asthma attack;
Asthma symptoms need to be managed when they are first recognised. This will help in preventing them from getting worse, and possibly prevent the patient from experiencing a severe asthma attack;
If you are diagnosed with asthma, it is important that it is actively managed. You will require on-going care from your healthcare professional, and need to be aware of any signs which may show your symptoms are getting worse;
Health care professionals diagnose asthma according to the symptoms you display and your medical history. They will also perform a physical exam and specific tests; and
Even though exercise may be a trigger for an asthma attack, physical activity is very important for health. There are medications which you can take to control your asthma and still exercise.

Asthma Triggers

It is not clear why some people develop asthma and others don’t. It could be as a result of both environmental factors and family history.

Asthma can be triggered by a person being exposed to substances with cause allergies. These substances (triggers) may affect certain individuals and not others.

Asthma triggers may also include physical activity, preservatives added to food, weather conditions, other health conditions, or certain medications.

Have a read further on Allergy and Asthma and Risk Factors for Asthma